Mounting credit card debt. Hunger. Eviction. Tens of millions of Americans are facing very real, very dire consequences if the final COVID-19 relief programs run out by Dec. 31 without a new stimulus bill or another executive action from President Donald Trump to take their place.
The status of negotiations over more COVID-19 relief is rocky, but urgent. Congress returns to Capitol Hill on Monday for one final sprint before 2021, and there are few working days in which to patch together a deal that’s eluded bipartisan agreement for six months. In an open letter published earlier this week, a group of 127 Republican and Democratic economists galvanized behind a second stimulus check as the fastest, fairest and most effective way to give people aid.
Meanwhile, coronavirus cases approach “calamity” levels and there’s fear of a double-dip recession as a result of renewed lockdowns across the country (this refers to the rise and then second drop following a recession). If a stimulus bill fails to pass before President-elect Joe Biden’s inauguration on Jan. 20, the incoming leader could sign his own executive orders — but not for another two months.
Without additional funds, these are the key programs that will disappear before Jan 1, 2021.
Read more: Sorry, you could get less money in a second stimulus check
More weekly unemployment money per check
The average weekly unemployment benefit doesn’t always equal a worker’s earnings and typically ranges between $300 and $600. To help fill the gap, the CARES Act added a weekly unemployment benefit bonus of $600. When that bonus expired on July 31, Trump signed an executive memo paving the way for a smaller $300 weekly bonus (for a six-week period) with the expectation Congress would soon pass another relief package. That hasn’t happened, and most states have exhausted the six weeks of extra funding. The $300 bonus provision is set to end on Dec. 27, according to the president’s memo, and is expected to sunset unused.
Three extra months of unemployment benefits
Individual states handle unemployment insurance claims, determining if a person is eligible, how much they receive and for how long they can collect. Though it varies from state to state, the CARES Act extended the duration of benefits from 26 weeks to 39 weeks. Starting on Jan. 1, those additional 13 weeks provided by the federal government are gone.
Some states have already backfilled the void on their own, including increasing their benefit period up to 59 weeks, according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Others, including Alabama, Arkansas and Utah, haven’t taken action on it, which could leave unemployed workers in those states without assistance as the new year begins.
Read more: Coronavirus unemployment: Who is covered, how to apply and how much it pays
Money for people who don’t normally qualify for unemployment
Another initiative of the CARES Act, the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance program, also known as PUA, provided economic relief to those who wouldn’t typically qualify for unemployment: self-employed workers, contractors and gig workers. The PUA is set to end Dec. 31. If the federal government doesn’t extend it, it will be up to the states to determine whether they will step in on Jan. 1.
Ban on evictions for inability to pay rent
The CARES Act provided limited protection on evictions by only focusing on homes backed with a federal mortgage loan or households that received some type of federal funding. The protections were then expanded in September by the Centers for Disease Control, which called for a halt on evictions for failure to pay rent. This order by the agency covered more households, including renters in 43 million households, but it also has an expiration date of Dec. 31.
Deferment of federal student loans
Students who are paying off federal student loans also received a reprieve under the CARES Act, which gave them the option to defer their loan payments (and which paused the accrual of interest) until the end of September 2020. In August, Trump extended the deferment until Dec. 31. On Jan. 1, loan servicers will once again be able to charge interest on these loans and students may have to resume paying them off unless the servicers offer deferment options.
For more information, here’s the latest status of stimulus negotiations, and here’s everything we know about the next relief bill.