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NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Future Doctor, a China-based AI healthcare technology company, together with 32 clinical experts, has published new research in Nature Portfolio’s npj Digital Medicine proposing a “Clinical Safety-Effectiveness Dual-Track Benchmark” (CSEDB). The framework is designed to measure whether medical AI systems are safe and effective in real-world clinical decision-making. A comparative evaluation of leading large language models, including OpenAI’s o3, Google’s Gemini 2.5 P