Your 2020 federal tax returns aren’t technically due for about two more months, but don’t just fritter that time away — there are four solid reasons why you should file now. For starters, your taxes fulfill another function this year, in addition to determining your tax refund, if you get one — namely, they can help you claim missing stimulus payment money.

If you’re among the millions of people who didn’t get all the money they were entitled to as part of the first or second stimulus payments, filing as soon as you possibly can may be your fast track to finally getting everything you’re entitled to, regardless of why it wasn’t delivered. Maybe your check didn’t arrive because of a clerical error or some other issue. Some folks had problems with custody and child support or missing money for child dependents in general. Others had funds accidentally garnished.

About 8 million nonfilers will also have to file a tax return this year to get their stimulus payment, but there are also benefits for the tens of millions of people who’ll be eligible for a third stimulus payment of up to $1,400 per person — a stimulus check that may arrive sooner than you think. We’ll explain everything you need to know. Also, here’s more information about stimulus checks and your 2020 taxes and when it’s time to contact the IRS or set up a payment trace if your money doesn’t show up. This story was recently updated.

4 reasons you’ll want to filing your taxes early in 2021

Benefit 1: The earlier you file your taxes, the sooner you’ll get your tax refund (you can estimate the total here). That’s one great reason to file early every year — other than vanquishing the stress of having your taxes hanging over your head.

Benefit 2: Since any missing stimulus check money is also tied to your tax return this time around, filing early will mean you get any missing stimulus money faster, too. If you’re owed a tax refund and stimulus money, both will arrive as part of the same payment. For example, let’s say your tax refund was $500 and your stimulus check allotment was $500. You’d receive one $1,000 payment from the US Treasury.

(If you’re on the hook for taxes but you’re owed stimulus check money, the amount you have to fork over will be reduced. So, if you were to owe $1,000 in taxes and you’re missing $500 in stimulus check money, you’d owe $500 instead of $1,000.)

Benefit 3: The chance to set up direct deposit with the IRS, or fix any errors. People with direct deposit accounts on file with the IRS have typically received their stimulus payments faster than those getting money in the mail. We suspect the same will be true with the third stimulus check of up to $1,400 per person (read about why the new check might be “targeted”).

Benefit 4: You’ll stand a better chance of getting your full payment with the new stimulus check in 2021. According to the latest proposal (PDF) — which is not law — the IRS would base your third stimulus payment on your 2019 or 2020 taxes, whichever it has most recently on record. Any money you don’t get as part of the automatic payment you’d have to claim a year from now on your 2021taxes.

So let’s say you made less money in 2020 than in 2019, or you had a new baby in the last year, if the IRS calculates your sum on your 2019 life circumstances, you’d miss out on the rest of the check for a year or more, by the time it’s processed.

Tax money timeline: Here’s when you could get your missing stimulus check and tax refund, based on the date you file

Though you can still technically file your taxes by mail and request a paper check, the fastest way to get the money you’re owed is to file electronically and have funds deposited directly into your bank account. This year, the IRS won’t begin processing tax returns until Feb. 12, making that the soonest you can submit your own (April 15 is the last day to file). The IRS says 90% of filers will receive their refunds in 21 days or sooner.

The IRS says its Where’s My Refund tool will reflect the status of your refund within 24 hours of filing, which could include a confirmation that your refund has been issued. From there, it could take anywhere from one to three days for the money to appear in your bank account.

When to expect your tax refund

If you file on this date	This is the soonest	This is the latest
Feb. 12	Feb. 19	March 5
March 1	March 8	March 22
April 1	April 8	April 22
April 15 (last day to file)	April 22	May 6
Oct. 15 (last day with extension)	Oct. 22	Nov. 5

Assuming seven days is the soonest you’d get your combined tax/stimulus refund and 21 days is the longest, we’ve sketched out what a difference filing sooner rather than later could make. (There’s more below on how to calculate how much money you might get in addition to your tax refund.)

How do you find out if the IRS owes you stimulus money?

To figure out whether and how much money you’re owed from a previous round of stimulus checks, first you have to determine how much you were owed for each previous payment, then subtract from that any amount you already received.

Here’s how to calculate the payments you were owed:

• For the first check, use this $1,200 stimulus calculator to estimate your total.
• For the second check, use this $600 stimulus calculator for an estimate.
• To predict a possible third check, use this $1,400 calculator.

Next, you’ll want to check your bank account where your payments were deposited to determine the amount you received. (If you received an EIP card, you can check the balance and transaction history here.) The IRS should’ve sent you a letter within 15 days of issuing your stimulus check, however it was issued, and that letter should indicate how much money you received. (Here’s what to do if you didn’t get the IRS notice.)

If you no longer have that letter, you can use the IRS’ Get My Payment tool to help you figure out when you received the payment. It’ll also show you the last four digits of the bank account it was deposited in if it was deposited directly.

There’s also a form to help you figure out the amount you’re owed on page 59 of this PDF detailing instructions for 1040 and 1040-SR tax forms, but it’s a doozy to follow.

The IRS might owe you a payment from one or both rounds of payments — this could be why

There are all kinds of reasons why the IRS might still owe you stimulus check money, including:

• You missed the deadline to request a payment.
• Money was mistakenly garnished from a previous stimulus check.
• There was an error with your direct deposit.
• You claim a child as a dependent for whom you didn’t get paid.
• The IRS made a mistake calculating a previous check.

To collect your missing stimulus payment on your taxes, do this

The IRS requires you to fill out either form 1040 or 1040-SR if you’re going to claim a Recovery Rebate Credit on your 2020 taxes. Once you have the amount you’re owed worked out, you’ll enter it on line 30 of either of those forms (see screenshot). Yes, it’s that simple.

You’ll receive your missing stimulus money in one of these ways

If you’re due a refund from the IRS, it’ll include both your full refund amount and whatever you’re owed from the Recovery Rebate Credit. In other words, it’ll be bigger. If, however, you owe the IRS money, your Recovery Rebate Credit will be applied to the debt. If the tax credit is more than you owe, you’ll receive the difference as a refund.

Here’s what to do if you’re a nonfiler, i.e. you won’t be filing taxes for 2020, and you’re still owed a stimulus check. If you have child dependents, this information about the child tax credit could help put more money in your pocket. And here’s how to find your adjusted gross income.